(Observation: 16 October 2025 | Public Release: 15 December 2025)
**Pahalgam Attack & India’s Military Action:
UN Experts Reject Allegations Against Pakistan**
According to a detailed report by five United Nations Special Rapporteurs, India has failed to present any credible or verifiable evidence linking Pakistan to the Pahalgam terrorist attack of 22 April 2025.
The report, completed on 16 October 2025 and made public on 15 December 2025, examines the Pahalgam incident, India’s 7 May military action, and the suspension of the Indus Waters Treaty, raising serious concerns over violations of international law and human rights.
Key Findings of UN Experts
Pakistan categorically denied involvement in the Pahalgam attack
Pakistan offered independent and transparent international investigations
India failed to substantiate its allegations with concrete evidence
7 May 2025: Violation of the UN Charter
UN experts concluded that:
India used military force inside Pakistani territory
This action violated Article 2(4) of the UN Charter
India did not formally inform the UN Security Council before the operation
Civilian areas were targeted, mosques were damaged
Pakistani civilians were killed and injured
The report clearly states:
“There is no recognized or independent right under international law to use unilateral military force in the name of counter-terrorism.”
Pakistan, on 7 May, condemned the action and informed the Security Council that it reserves its right of self-defence under the UN Charter.
Indus Waters Treaty: UN Backs Pakistan’s Legal Position
UN experts expressed serious concern over India’s actions regarding the Indus Waters Treaty (1960):
Annual Indus Commission meetings have not taken place since 2022
Data sharing was disrupted
India refused to participate in arbitration proceedings
Suspending or withholding water was deemed an inappropriate and unlawful measure
Counter-measures do not exempt states from human rights obligations
The experts emphasized that water is a fundamental human right, and blocking it directly harms the civilian population of Pakistan.
Who Are the UN Experts?
The report was prepared by independent UN mandate-holders, including:
Ben Saul – Special Rapporteur on Human Rights and Counter-Terrorism
Margaret Satterthwaite – Special Rapporteur on the Independence of Judges and Lawyers
Morris Tidball-Binz – Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions
Pedro Arrojo-Agudo – Special Rapporteur on the Human Right to Water and Sanitation
Francesca Albanese – Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in Occupied Territories
These experts act in their individual capacity, independent of any government.
The UN report reinforces that:
Pakistan’s position is consistent with international law
India’s allegations remain unproven
Unilateral military action and weaponization of water violate global legal norms
